INCLUSIVE GOVERNANCE AND DISABILITY RIGHTS: ASSESSING NIGERIA AND RUSSIA WITHIN GLOBAL HUMAN RIGHTS FRAMEWORKS

Abstract

At the dawn of the twenty-first century, governance discourse shifted toward inclusion, equity, and human dignity. The rights of persons with disabilities have become a critical test of how far states have moved from rhetoric to meaningful social justice. This study examines the extent to which Nigeria and Russia have engaged with inclusive governance practices that advance disability rights within global human rights norms. Anchored on a Human Rights-Based Approach (HRBA), a comparative case study design was adopted, relying on documentary sources and qualitative content analysis. The study found that both countries have strong legal commitments under the UNCRPD, but implementation gaps persist: Nigeria is constrained by socioeconomic deprivation and infrastructure deficits, while Russia faces administrative and regional inefficiencies. Access to healthcare, education, and rehabilitation remains highly unequal in both contexts. The study concludes that neither country has translated legal rights into lived equality, weakening progress towards key Sustainable Development Goals. It recommends stronger enforcement through independent monitoring bodies and increased investment in disability-inclusive infrastructure and budgeting.